Human rights have increasingly become one of the biggest topics of conversation worldwide. Multiple causes address different issues, from girls’ and women’s rights to life and freedom. To that effect, Human Rights Day, commemorated on December 10, provides the opportunity to reflect on these developments.
The need for human rights became apparent after World War II. To enforce it, the United Nations General Assembly formed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to protect everyone’s rights.
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These Human Rights are classified into different categories including:
- Political human rights
- Social or civil human rights
- Economic human rights
- Cultural human rights
So, in this article, we examine the types of human rights the world enjoys.
Right to Life
Universally, human life is sacred, and no one, not even the government, can take it away. Therefore, when your life is in danger, it should provide safety, hence the availability of asylum programs. They allow people facing political persecution a chance to live in another country. This is also the reason why the death sentence was revoked in many countries, and why many governments are continually pressured to avoid war or using its machinery against its citizens.
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Equal Treatment Before the Law
Everyone, regardless of their religion, race, or background, is entitled to fair treatment before the law. This ensures everyone gets a fair hearing and judgement, to defend themselves. Anyone who goes against this violates the law.
Right to Privacy
The right to privacy ensures the government or corporate entities do not use their instruments for surveillance and breach the law. In the social media age, it has become increasingly clear how far corporations can go in using users’ private information for financial gain. Hence the protections of this law.
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The Right to Work
Working gives people dignity, but they also need to have a safe environment. For this reason, the constitution mandates that organisations provide favorable working conditions for their employees. This includes fair compensation, fair dispute resolution, off-days, maternity and paternity leave, among other provisions.
Right to Education
Every child of school-going age should have access to education, regardless of their background. Primary or elementary education is mandatory, and higher education should be available thereafter. This right is enshrined in the 1948 Declaration of Human Rights to give people a means out of poverty and an equal footing in society.
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Right to Freedom
Everyone has the right to worship, engage with the communities they desire, express themselves, and practise their chosen religion. This also includes freedom of speech and the right to share information in person or through various media. In many countries, this is considered one of the most fundamental human rights.
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Right to Have a Family
Worldwide, people can marry who they desire as long as the parties give full consent. They are not deterred by their race, religion, economic class or status. Additionally, they can have as many children as they want. That said, there is a minimum age limit imposed to protect minors. In many countries, 18 is the minimum age limit.
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Innocent Until Proven Guilty
Anyone charged with an offence is considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. As such, the person charged gets an opportunity to defend themselves from any accusations.
In Conclusion
Human Rights Day is an opportunity to learn about the evolving nature of these rights, and how they affect you. Also, it is important to know what is happening around the world, to understand how different countries apply the laws. How do you celebrate Human Rights Day?
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